Global Landfill Gas to Energy Market:
Overview
Landfill
gas is produced from the anaerobic decomposition of the waste that is deposited
in landfills. The produced landfill gas generally contain 50% of methane and
rest of the gas constitutes carbon dioxide and nitrogen. Landfill gas is
utilized to produce energy as well as for other purposes. Methane is considered
most powerful among the other greenhouse gases, and it causes global warming
almost 21 times more than the impact of carbon dioxide. Plants for utilization
and extraction of landfill gas have been developed for the last few years and
presently, these plants are expanding at a rapid pace across the globe.
Extraction of methane from Landfill Gas to Energy Market is estimated to help
fulfill the necessary energy deficits and also minimize the greenhouse effect,
which is causing global warming. Landfill
Gas to Energy Market also helps in substituting fossil fuels such as
coal, oil, and natural gas, which are major contributors to greenhouse gases
emissions.
The major
part of producing landfill gas is the extraction of methane gas from the
digester. The extraction system comprises of horizontal perforated pipes,
vertical perforated pipes, and a membrane covering for the collection of the
produced gas. The produced gas is sucked from the landfill digester by using a
pump or a compressor. The sucked gas is then further processed to use it in
various applications such as power production, district heating & cooling,
and steam production in a boiler for running the turbine. Landfill Gas to
Energy Market needs to be purified from impurities before it is utilized in a
gas boiler for hot water or steam production. Impure gas can cause boiler
failure and corrosion. Landfill gas can also be utilized in running the gas
engines for power production. Landfill gas can be employed as fuel in order to
run gas engine, which can further drives a power generator to produce
electricity. This application of Landfill Gas to Energy Market can be utilized
to produce off-grid electricity in remote areas that are not connected to the
distribution grid.
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Landfill
Gas to Energy Market can also be employed in CHP (combined heating &
cooling) plants to produce power. CHP plants are highly energy-efficient, which
use waste heat to produce steam for running an additional power producing
system. Landfill gas scan also be utilized as cooking fuel after purification.
Utilization of landfill gas as cooking fuel can help provide low cost, low
emission and cleaner fuel for domestic applications in remote and poverty
ridden areas. Landfill Gas to Energy utilization offers significant potential
for distributed power generation and most countries in Europe are focusing on
improving landfill gas purification technology so that it can be directly
utilized in gas turbines for power generation. After purification, the landfill
gas can also be distributed through the network of natural gas pipelines. Most
countries in Europe and North America are employing purified landfill gas in
transportation and power sectors, which is helping reduce their carbon
footprint. The usage of Landfill Gas to Energy Market in fuel cells for power
production is one of the latest technological development around the globe. The
Landfill Gas to Energy Technology is still under experimental and research
phase; however, it can be commercialized soon. Fuel cell power producing
systems have high cost and can produce electricity from power plants having 25
kW to 200 kW capacity. Fuel cells have high electricity conversion efficiency
with low emissions, lower noise level, and low maintenance cost.
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Global Landfill Gas to Energy Market: Drivers and Restraints
Increasing
waste generation, lack of waste management, and rising environmental pollution
by burning biomass for domestic energy requirements in developing countries are
anticipated to drive the global landfill gas to energy market around the globe.
Usage of landfill gas to energy in boiler and power applications is anticipated
to replace fossil fuels for power generation applications; hence, preventing the
rise in air pollution, which in turn is likely to encourage the usage of
landfill gas around the globe. Europe followed by North America and Asia
Pacific accounted for a significant share of landfill gas to energy
market. Latin America and Middle East & Africa is projected to be the
highly lucrative regions for the landfill gas to energy market in the near
future. High cost of gas purification, high capital investment, and expensive
technology are some restraints of the global landfill gas to energy market.
High availability of biomass, low cost production of landfill gas, and
increasing domestic requirement for energy are expected to drive the landfill
gas to energy market in Asia Pacific.
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Global Landfill Gas to Energy Market:
Key Players
Key global
players operating in the landfill gas to energy market include Waste
Management, Inc., Biffa Waste Services, CLP Envirogas., Waste Connections,
Inc., Advanced Disposal Services, Viridor, and Infinis.
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